Theory of Change (ToC) is a practical tool and conceptual framework used by development agencies and civil society organizations and others, to map the connections between development challenges, interventions and outcomes. Despite its widespread use in development, ToC is surprisingly absent from tourism literature and handbooks. Building on methods such as Logical Framework Approach (LFA) and Results Chains, ToC involves taking a step back from these methods, to consider why and how change happens and what assumptions are made along the way. This is a critically important tool for tourism development projects because without a clear line of sight on what problem needs to be solved, it is impossible to identify the right tool to use. It starts with a brief explanation of the principles of ToC and then explains a simple five-step process to prepare one. Examples from World Bank projects illustrate how to establish a clear connection between development challenges and desired impacts.
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