Monograph Chapter
In The Regulation of E-cigarettes
Edited by Lukasz Gruszczynski
- Published:
- 30 August 2019
Monograph Chapter
In The Regulation of E-cigarettes
Edited by Lukasz Gruszczynski
- Published:
- 30 August 2019
The Regulation of E-cigarettes
International, European and National Challenges
Edited by Lukasz Gruszczynski
Jos Boertjens, Johan van Manen, Misja Mikkers and Wolf Sauter
Because the risk of ill health is part of the human condition, there is a universal interest in providing access to high-quality healthcare while controlling the sacrifices that are necessary to obtain it – after all, the funds used for healthcare cannot be allocated to alternative uses. Affordability is therefore an important consideration that is closely linked to access. Quality determines the health value of the treatment provided. Arriving at a social consensus on how to achieve these goals is difficult, however, which in most countries leads to intense debate on healthcare, as the contributions to this book regarding the US, South Africa, Colombia and the Netherlands all illustrate. Unsurprisingly, there is no one particular healthcare system that meets all three of the needs identified above perfectly. Instead, there is a wide variety of such systems, each with different advantages, disadvantages and trade-offs. Hence it is important that data on the problems encountered are collected and analysed, and that learning occurs between different health systems. This is a practical as well as a scientific challenge, because hitherto most studies on healthcare regulation have not taken a comparative perspective based on comparable data. In fact, in many respects, no such data yet exists. This book charts hospital financing across the three dimensions of access, affordability and quality. It does so based on an international comparison spanning four different continents. For the purpose of our project, we have collected 11 country reports, compiled by national experts according to a standard structure. In addition, six thematic chapters are included that explore specific questions. The invited authors include academics and practitioners (primarily, but not exclusively, policymakers).
Monograph Chapter
In The Law and Policy of Healthcare Financing
Edited by Wolf Sauter, Jos Boertjens, Johan van Manen and Misja Mikkers
- Published:
- 31 May 2019
The Law and Policy of Healthcare Financing
An International Comparison of Models and Outcomes
Edited by Wolf Sauter, Jos Boertjens, Johan van Manen and Misja Mikkers
Jos Boertjens and Mary Guy
In this chapter the authors compare the health care systems of England and the Netherlands with respect to contracting, accountability frameworks and the duty to provide care and access to health care. The objectives of contracting are different in these two countries. While in the Netherlands contracting is envisaged to promote efficiency and quality, contracting in England appears to set a minimum requirement. Under the Dutch system, the insurer must fulfill its duty to provide care. In England it is difficult to hold any party accountable for ensuring that patients receive necessary care. Various types of co-payments and out-of-pocket charges occur in both England and the Netherlands. In both countries personal care budgets exist to put patients in charge of their own budgets.
Monograph Chapter
In The Law and Policy of Healthcare Financing
Edited by Wolf Sauter, Jos Boertjens, Johan van Manen and Misja Mikkers
- Published:
- 31 May 2019
Global Genes, Local Concerns
Legal, Ethical, and Scientific Challenges in International Biobanking
Edited by Timo Minssen, Janne R Herrmann and Jens Schovsbo
Monograph Chapter
In Global Genes, Local Concerns
Edited by Timo Minssen, Janne R Herrmann and Jens Schovsbo
- Published:
- 26 April 2019
Brian J. Clark and Tina Bossow
In the context of this chapter, “bioscience industries” refers to companies involved in research, development and manufacturing of products that improve diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of human diseases, or the provision of enabling technologies or services in support of the same aims. This diverse grouping includes the pharmaceutical, diagnostics, biotechnology, and research and development services industries. Many companies within the bioscience industries use biological samples derived from humans (“human biosamples”) in their research, development, or manufacturing processes and some finished products may contain human biosample components. While the for-profit business model of commercial companies sometimes leads to mistrust and questions over their legitimacy as users of human biosamples (HBS), such companies are and will remain essential for the discovery, development, and delivery of innovations in healthcare that are of benefit for populations. Therefore, the legitimacy of the bioscience industries as valid users of HBS for purposes intended to deliver public benefit should not be in doubt. Instead, the pivotal question should be whether the bioscience industries can demonstrate that they use HBS in ways that are socially responsible, ethical, compliant with applicable laws or regulations, and safe, such that they merit access to precious HBS. In fact, this same question should equally apply to any user of HBS, whether a for-profit industrial user or a not-for profit or public institutional user. All users should be able to demonstrate that they are legitimate and responsible users of HBS.
Monograph Chapter
In Global Genes, Local Concerns
Edited by Timo Minssen, Janne R Herrmann and Jens Schovsbo
- Published:
- 26 April 2019
Monograph Chapter
In Ageing, Ageism and the Law
Edited by Israel Doron and Nena Georgantzi
- Published:
- 30 November 2018